Early Origins

Satoshi Tajiri with Pikachu artwork
Satoshi Tajiri’s childhood hobby of collecting insects inspired Pokémon’s core concept of finding, trading, and training creatures.

Pokemon was created by Satoshi Tajiri and first released in Japan in 1996 for the Nintendo Game Boy system. Tajiri was inspired by his childhood hobby of collecting insects and exploring nature. As a child, he enjoyed finding different bugs and trading them with his friends, and he wanted to recreate that same feeling using a video game. He worked together with Nintendo and the artist Ken Sugimori to design the first Pokemon creatures. The original games, Pokemon Red and Pokemon Green in Japan, allowed players to travel through a fictional region while catching and training different Pokemon. Players could also connect their Game Boys using a cable to trade Pokemon with friends, which was a new and exciting feature at the time. This idea encouraged cooperation and social interaction between players. Soon after the games became popular in Japan, improved versions called Pokemon Red and Blue were released internationally. The success of the games surprised even the creators because children everywhere quickly became interested in collecting all the different Pokemon species.

From Game Boy to Global Phenomenon

Pokemon game cartridge in a classic Game Boy

After the success of the games, an animated television series was created to expand the story and characters. The anime followed a young trainer named Ash Ketchum and his partner Pikachu as they traveled through regions and competed in gym battles and tournaments. The television show helped introduce Pokemon to millions of viewers around the world and made the characters recognizable even to people who did not play the games. A trading card game was also released and became extremely popular in schools and communities. Players collected cards, traded with friends, and battled using strategic decks. Over the years, new generations of Pokemon were introduced along with new regions, mechanics, and technologies. In 2016 the mobile game Pokemon GO became a worldwide phenomenon because it allowed players to catch Pokemon in real locations using GPS technology. Today Pokemon continues to grow through new video games, animated series, movies, and merchandise, making it one of the longest lasting and most influential franchises in entertainment history.